Membranes, Membrane Housings & Accessories

Semi-permeable membrane to remove larger particles from drinking water. In this process, an applied pressure is used to overcome osmotic pressure. That is driven by chemical potential, a thermodynamic parameter. Membrane can remove many types of molecules and ions from solutions, including bacteria, and used in production of potable, lab grade & industrial water. The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane and the pure solvent is allowed to pass to the other side. Membrane should not allow large molecules or ions through the pores, but should allow smaller components of the solution to pass freely.

In the normal process, the solvent naturally moves from an area of low solute concentration through a membrane, to an area of high solute concentration. The movement of a pure solvent is driven to reduce the free energy of the system by equalizing solute concentrations on each side of a membrane, generating osmotic pressure.